On January 9, 1914, three Howard University students—A. Langston Taylor, Leonard F. Morse, and Charles I. Brown—founded Phi Beta Sigma Fraternity, Inc. with a vision of brotherhood, scholarship, and service. The founders were deeply committed to creating a fraternity that was not just a collection of men but a movement rooted in inclusivity, service to humanity, and the betterment of communities. Unlike many of their contemporaries, Taylor, Morse, and Brown envisioned a fraternity that would emphasize “giving back” and addressing societal issues rather than merely focusing on exclusivity or elitism.
Phi Beta Sigma quickly gained prominence in the Black community, with its motto, “Culture for Service and Service for Humanity,” guiding its mission. The fraternity is also unique in its collaboration with Zeta Phi Beta Sorority, Inc., founded in 1920, as its sister organization, reflecting a spirit of shared goals and collective empowerment. With over 700 chapters worldwide and a history of producing leaders across multiple disciplines, Phi Beta Sigma remains one of the most impactful organizations in African American history.
This Founders Day, we highlight the fraternity’s remarkable history and honor six influential Sigma men whose contributions have profoundly shaped Black history and culture.
A Legacy of Service and Advocacy
From its inception, Phi Beta Sigma played an integral role in advocating for civil rights and education within the Black community. During the 1920s and 1930s, the fraternity was one of the first organizations to take a public stance against racial injustice and segregation. In 1934, it established the Phi Beta Sigma Education Foundation to provide scholarships to deserving students and promote educational access.
The fraternity’s leadership in social action programs has also been noteworthy. In 1937, Sigma launched its National Bigger and Better Business Program to support Black entrepreneurship and economic development, addressing systemic inequalities in wealth. Decades later, it became instrumental in political movements such as voter registration drives and civil rights marches, reflecting its deep commitment to societal progress.
Today, Phi Beta Sigma continues to inspire and empower through programs like Project S.E.T. (Sigma Economic Transformation), Project W.E.S.T. (Women’s Wellness through Sigma’s Touch), and initiatives focused on youth mentorship and financial literacy.
Notable Sigma Men Who Changed History
Huey P. Newton
A revolutionary leader and co-founder of the Black Panther Party in 1966, Huey P. Newton epitomized the principles of social justice and service upheld by Phi Beta Sigma. Newton’s work challenged systemic oppression and brought attention to issues like police brutality, food insecurity, and health disparities through community-based initiatives such as the Free Breakfast Program. His legacy continues to inspire movements for justice and equity worldwide.
Harold Washington
As the first Black mayor of Chicago, Harold Washington’s groundbreaking leadership reshaped the political landscape of the city. Elected in 1983, Washington fought for fair housing, labor rights, and equitable representation in city governance. His trailblazing career serves as a testament to the fraternity’s commitment to producing leaders dedicated to advancing society.
John Lewis
Congressman John Lewis, often called the “Conscience of Congress,” was a Civil Rights icon whose activism laid the foundation for many of the freedoms we enjoy today. As the chairman of the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), he organized pivotal events such as the Freedom Rides and the Selma to Montgomery marches. A Sigma brother, Lewis embodied the fraternity’s mission to serve humanity and inspire transformative change.
Benjamin F. Chavis, Jr.
A prominent civil rights leader, Benjamin F. Chavis, Jr. rose to national prominence as the youngest executive director and CEO of the NAACP. He also played a central role in organizing the Million Man March in 1995, a historic gathering that highlighted the importance of unity, family, and responsibility within the Black community. Chavis’ work continues to reflect Phi Beta Sigma’s ideals of advocacy and empowerment.
James Weldon Johnson
A cultural giant, James Weldon Johnson was an NAACP leader, poet, and educator best known for writing “Lift Every Voice and Sing,” which has become an anthem of hope and resilience for Black America. His work as an author, diplomat, and civil rights activist exemplifies the fraternity’s commitment to scholarship and cultural enrichment.
RELATED: Dr. Huey P. Newton Foundation & Stanford to Digitize Historic Black Panther Party Archive
Alain Locke
As the first Black Rhodes Scholar and a key architect of the Harlem Renaissance, Alain Locke elevated the voices of Black artists and intellectuals. His writings and philosophy on cultural pluralism continue to shape discussions on diversity and inclusion. A proud member of Phi Beta Sigma, Locke’s legacy remains an inspiration for scholars and creatives alike.
Phi Beta Sigma’s Enduring Impact
Over the years, Phi Beta Sigma has continued to produce leaders, innovators, and changemakers across various fields, from politics and activism to arts and business. With initiatives addressing everything from health disparities to educational inequities, the fraternity remains at the forefront of driving change. Sigma’s global impact is felt not only in the achievements of its members but also in the lives transformed by its programs and advocacy.
As we celebrate Founders Day, we honor the men of Phi Beta Sigma who have shaped history and reaffirm the fraternity’s enduring commitment to service, scholarship, and brotherhood. Their contributions remind us of the power of collective action and the responsibility to uplift future generations.
Happy Founders Day, Phi Beta Sigma! Your legacy continues to shine as a beacon of hope, progress, and excellence.
